Which modifiable risk factor is most relevant for assessing coronary artery disease (CAD) risk?

Hypertension is considered one of the most relevant modifiable risk factors for assessing coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. It significantly contributes to the development of CAD as it can lead to the hardening and thickening of the arterial walls, resulting in increased blood pressure. Over time, this condition can put extra strain on the heart and blood vessels, raising the likelihood of heart attacks and related cardiovascular events.

Unlike age, genetics, and gender, which are non-modifiable risk factors—meaning they cannot be changed or influenced—hypertension can be effectively managed and controlled through lifestyle changes (such as diet and exercise) and medication. This modifiability makes it particularly significant in risk assessment and preventive strategies for CAD.

By focusing on hypertension as a key risk factor, healthcare providers can prioritize interventions that both reduce the prevalence of high blood pressure in the population and mitigate the associated risk of cardiac events, making it essential for comprehensive heart health management.